The thiol-activated Cholesterol-dependent Cytolysin (CDC) family (TC# 1.C.12) is a member of the MACPF superfamily. Cholesterol dependent cytolysins are a family of β-barrel pore-forming exotoxins that are secreted by gram-positive bacteria. CDCs...
Cytolysin refers to the substance secreted by microorganisms, plants or animals that is specifically toxic to individual cells, in many cases causing their dissolution through lysis. Cytolysins that have a specific action for certain cells are named...
Pore-forming proteins (PFTs, also known as pore-forming toxins) are usually produced by bacteria, and include a number of protein exotoxins but may also be produced by other organisms such as apple snails that produce perivitellin-2 or earthworms,...
An exotoxin is a toxin secreted by bacteria. An exotoxin can cause damage to the host by destroying cells or disrupting normal cellular metabolism. They are highly potent and can cause major damage to the host.
Vaginolysin (VLY) is a toxin produced by Gardnerella vaginalis, a bacterium commonly associated with bacterial vaginosis. VLY is a member of the cholesterol-dependent cytolysin family, characterized by their ability to form pores in cholesterol rich...
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention is the national public health agency of the United States.
Perfringolysin O (PFO), historically known as theta toxin, is cholesterol-dependent cytolysin (CDC) produced by many strains of Clostridium perfringens. It is a secreted pore-forming toxin encoded by the chromosomal PfoA gene that binds...
Streptolysins are two homogenous exotoxins from Streptococcus pyogenes. Types include streptolysin O (SLO; slo), which is oxygen-labile, and streptolysin S (SLS; sagA), which is oxygen-stable. SLO is part of the thiol-activated cytolysin family.
Clostridium perfringens is a Gram-positive, bacillus (rod-shaped), anaerobic, spore-forming pathogenic bacterium of the genus Clostridium. C. perfringens is present in nature and can be found as a normal component of decaying vegetation, marine...
Martin Sheldon is a veterinarian and scientific researcher. He is Professor Emeritus at Swansea University Medical School.